Pharmacogenetics of Intestinal Absorption

Author(s): Tsutomu Nakamura, Motohiro Yamamori and Toshiyuki SakaedaPages 153-169 (17) Abstract: The small intestine is the primary site of absorption for many drugs administered orally and so is the target tissue for pharmacotherapeutic strategies to control the oral absorption of drugs. Drug transporters, including the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily and the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, have been considered to play a physiological role in regulating the absorption of xenobiotics, and variations in their expression level and function...

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Enhanced Delivery of Topically-Applied Formulations Following Skin Pre-Treatment with a Hand-Applied, Plastic Microneedle Array

Author(s): Dan Duan, Craig Moeckly, Jerry Gysbers, Chris Novak, Gayatri Prochnow, Kris Siebenaler, Leila Albers and Kris HansenPages 557-565 (9) Abstract: The purpose of this work is to characterize microchannels created by polymeric microneedles, applied by hand, and to demonstrate enhanced delivery of topically applied formulations of lidocaine hydrochloride and methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS). 3Ms Microstructured Transdermal System (MTS) arrays were applied to domestic swine to demonstrate reliability of penetration, depth of penetration...

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Anatomical and Histological Factors Affecting Intranasal Drug and Vaccine Delivery

Author(s): Sveinbjorn GizurarsonPages 566-582 (17) Abstract: The aim of this review is to provide an understanding of the anatomical and histological structure of the nasal cavity, which is important for nasal drug and vaccine delivery as well as the development of new devices. The surface area of the nasal cavity is about 160 cm2, or 96 m2 if the microvilli are included. The olfactory region, however, is only about 5 cm2 (0.3 m2 including the microvilli). There are 6 arterial branches that serve the nasal cavity, making this region a very attractive...

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Temporal Separation in the Release of Bioactive Molecules from a Moldable Calcium Sulfate Bone Graft Substitute

Author(s): Matt E. Brown, Yuan Zou, R. Peyyala, Thomas D. Dziubla and David A. PuleoPages 605-612 (8) Abstract: Treatment of infected bone defects presents a considerable challenge due to the complications that occur from significant bone damage concomitant with contaminated tissue. These wounds are most often treated in a two-step sequence, where the infection is first eliminated before any attempt to repair the bone is undertaken. In order to...

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